Nature 3

Domination of nature includes domination of people.

Max Horkheimer (1986): Zur Kritik der instrumentellen Vernunft. Frankfurt a.M.: S. Fischer, p. 94.

Max Horkheimer (1895-1973) was a German social philosopher and a leading figure in the Frankfurt School.

For Enlightenment thinkers, domination over nature was the self-evident objective of science. The history of man's efforts to subjugate nature is at the same time the history of man's subjugation by man. This is where the problem of purely instrumental reason comes into play.

*Silvia Federici (2014): Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body and Primitive Accumulation. New York: Automedia.

1947